Panel Layouts are a type of hosted control in USD that defines the arrangement of panels, which is the layout of your USD application.
Selecting Unified Service Desk->Hosted Controls, you can see we have a Panel Layout hosted control defined:

Selecting the panel, you can see the XAML associated with the layout:

Within the XAML, you can see panel types such as USDTabPanel, USDDeckTabPanel, USDStackPanel, USDCollapsePanel, USDPopupPanel, and panels, including:
- MainPanel
- LeftPanelFill
- RightPanel
- ToolbarPanel
- CtiPanel
- AboutPanel
- SessionTabsPanel
- SessionExplorerPanel
- WorkflowPanel
- ChatPanel
- LeftPanel1
- LeftPanel2
- RibbonPanel
- RightPopupPanel
- StatusPanel
You can read more about Panels on the Microsoft website: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn865006.aspx
The main window is itself a panel called MainWorkArea.
In the hosted control definition, the panel to open the hosted control is specified.
Check out the XAML of a typical panel layout:
<Grid
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
mc:Ignorable="d" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Crm.UnifiedServiceDesk.Dynamics;assembly=Microsoft.Crm.UnifiedServiceDesk.Dynamics"
xmlns:USD="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Crm.UnifiedServiceDesk.Dynamics.PanelLayouts;assembly=Microsoft.Crm.UnifiedServiceDesk.Dynamics">
<Grid Grid.Name="LayoutRoot">
<Grid.Resources>
<local:CRMImageConverter x:Key="CRMImageLoader" />
</Grid.Resources>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="40" />
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
<RowDefinition Height="30" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Border Grid.Row="0" BorderBrush="#FFD8D8D8" BorderThickness="0,1,0,1">
<Grid Background="{DynamicResource WindowHeaderStyle}" Grid.Row="0" Margin="0">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="auto" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="auto" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Image Style="{DynamicResource USDLogo}" Grid.Column="0" ToolTip="Unified Service Desk" AutomationProperties.Name="Unified Service Desk" />
<Rectangle FrameworkElement.Width="10" Grid.Column="1" />
<USD:USDDeckTabPanel x:Name="ToolbarPanel" Grid.Column="2" AutomationProperties.Name="Toolbar Panel" VerticalAlignment="Center" Focusable="True" Margin="0" />
<Grid Grid.Column="3" Background="{DynamicResource AboutPanelBackground}">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="412" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<USD:USDStackPanel x:Name="CtiPanel" Grid.Column="0" Orientation="Horizontal" Focusable="True" VerticalAlignment="Center" AutomationProperties.Name="Cti Panel" />
<USD:USDStackPanel x:Name="AboutPanel" Grid.Column="1" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Orientation="Horizontal" Focusable="True" VerticalAlignment="Center" AutomationProperties.Name="AboutPanel" />
</Grid>
</Grid>
</Border>
<Grid Grid.Row="1" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Margin="0" Background="{DynamicResource WindowBackgroundStyle}">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
<RowDefinition Height="auto" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<USD:USDDeckTabPanel x:Name="SessionTabsPanel" Grid.Row="0" Margin="5,5,0,5" AutomationProperties.Name="Session Tabs Panel" Focusable="True" ClipToBounds="True" Background="Red" />
<Grid Grid.Row="1" AutomationProperties.Name="Main Panels">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="auto" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="auto" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Expander x:Name="ExpanderSessionDetails" Grid.Column="0" Style="{DynamicResource StretchExpanderStyle}" ExpandDirection="Left" IsExpanded="False" BorderBrush="#FFFFFFFF">
<ScrollViewer VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
<Grid Style="{DynamicResource LeftPanelGrid}" Margin="5">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="auto" />
<RowDefinition x:Name="ChatPanelRow" Height="auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="auto" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<USD:USDCollapsePanel x:Name="SessionExplorerPanel" AutomationProperties.Name="Session Explorer Panel" Grid.Row="0" Margin="1" />
<USD:USDCollapsePanel x:Name="WorkflowPanel" AutomationProperties.Name="Workflow Panel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="1" Background="Aqua" />
<USD:USDCollapsePanel x:Name="ChatPanel" AutomationProperties.Name="Workflow Panel" Grid.Row="2" Margin="1" />
<USD:USDCollapsePanel x:Name="LeftPanel1" AutomationProperties.Name="Left Panel 1" Grid.Row="3" Margin="1" />
<USD:USDCollapsePanel x:Name="LeftPanel2" AutomationProperties.Name="Left Panel 2" Grid.Row="4" Margin="1" />
<USD:USDTabPanel x:Name="LeftPanelFill" AutomationProperties.Name="Left Panel Fill" Grid.Row="5" Margin="1" MinHeight="300" />
</Grid>
</ScrollViewer>
</Expander>
<Grid Grid.Column="1" Background="Transparent">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="0" />
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<USD:USDCollapsePanel x:Name="RibbonPanel" Grid.Row="0" Visibility="Collapsed" AutomationProperties.Name="Ribbon Panel" Focusable="True" Margin="1" ClipToBounds="False" SnapsToDevicePixels="True" />
<USD:USDTabPanel x:Name="MainPanel" Grid.Row="1" AutomationProperties.Name="Main Panel" Grid.RowSpan="2" />
</Grid>
<GridSplitter HorizontalAlignment="Right"
VerticalAlignment="Stretch"
Grid.Column="1" ResizeBehavior="PreviousAndNext"
Width="5" Background="#FFBCBCBC"/>
<Expander x:Name="RightPanelExpander" Grid.Column="2" Style="{DynamicResource StretchExpanderStyle}" ExpandDirection="Right" IsExpanded="False" BorderBrush="#FFFFFFFF">
<ScrollViewer VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
<Grid Style="{DynamicResource LeftPanelGrid}">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<USD:USDTabPanel x:Name="RightPanel" AutomationProperties.Name="Right Panel" Grid.Row="0" />
<USD:USDPopupPanel x:Name="RightPopupPanel" Popup.Placement="Left" Popup.PopupAnimation="Scroll" Height="{Binding ActualHeight,ElementName=RightPanel,Mode=OneWay}" Width="{Binding ActualWidth,ElementName=RightPanel,Mode=OneWay}" Popup.PlacementTarget="{Binding ElementName=RightPanel}" >
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="20" />
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Border Background="#FFCCCCCC" Grid.Row="0">
<TextBlock Text="Article Preview" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="10,0,0,0" />
</Border>
<Border BorderThickness="1" Grid.Row="1" BorderBrush="#FFCCCCCC" Background="#FFFFFFFF">
<ContentControl x:Name="PopupContainer" Margin="0,0,0,0" />
</Border>
</Grid>
</USD:USDPopupPanel>
</Grid>
</ScrollViewer>
</Expander>
</Grid>
</Grid>
<StatusBar Grid.Row="2" Style="{DynamicResource StatusBarStyle}">
<StatusBarItem>
<USD:USDStackPanel x:Name="StatusPanel" Height="30" Orientation="Horizontal" AutomationProperties.Name="Status Panel" />
</StatusBarItem>
</StatusBar>
</Grid>
</Grid>Note the different panel types:

- Standard Main Panel. This does not define the display group.
- Ribbon Main Panel. This does not define the display group.
- Vertical Split. Includes Display Group:

- Horizontal Split. Includes Display Group:

- XAML. Includes Display Group and XAML.

- User Defined. Includes Display Group:

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How can i create a custom panel layout same as Unified Interface??